Mechanism Sandbox

Before we dive into full-blown organic reaction mechanisms, let's take a quick spin around the sandbox. Curved arrows are the primary language of organic chemistry—they show you exactly how electron pairs flow from a source to a destination during a reaction.

To get your bearings, let's start with a classic, simple acid-base reaction. Your first task is straightforward: use an electron-pushing arrow to show a hydroxide ion ($\text{OH}^-$) reaching out to pick up a proton ($\text{H}^+$).

How to do it:

• Select the double-headed arrow tool from the toolbar (since we are moving a pair of electrons).
• Click and start your arrow at the electron source—the oxygen atom on the hydroxide ion ($\text{OH}^-$).
• Drag and point the arrow head right at the proton ($\text{H}^+$) it's bonding with.
• Click "Check Mechanism" to see if correct.

Once you nail this first arrow, you'll have the mechanics down and you'll be ready to tackle full reaction pathways!